| Symbols |
(-)
(+)
1o
|
2o
2D-NMR
3o
|
α
β
|
A
|
α,β-Unsaturated
α-Amino
acid
α-Carbon
α-Helix
α-Hydrogen
α-Tocopherol
Absolute
configuration
Abstraction
Acetal
Acetic
acid
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acetyl
CoA
Acetyl
group
Acetylene
Acetylide
anion
Achiral
Acid
anhydride
Acid
chloride
Acid
ionization constant
Activation
energy
Activator
Activating
group
Acyclic
Acyl
chloride
Acyl
group
Acylation
Acylium
ion
Adenine
Addition
reaction
Agonist
Alanine
Alcohol
Alcoholysis
Aldehyde
Aldohexose
Aldol
Aldol
condensation
Aldol
reaction
Aldopentose
|
Aldose
Aldotriose
Aliphatic
Alkane
Alkene
Alkoxide
Alkyl
group
Alkyl
halide
Alkylammonium
salt
Alkylate
Alkylation
Alkyne
Alkyne
anion
Alkynyl
anion
Allyl
carbocation
Allyl
group
Allylic
position
Alpha
Alpha-amino
acid
Alpha-carbon
Alpha-helix
Alpha-hydrogen
Alpha,beta-unsaturated
Altrose
Ambident
nucleophile
Amide
Amine
Amino
acid
Amino
acid residue
Aminolysis
Ammonia
Ammonium
salt
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Amylopectin
Amylose
Angle
strain
Anhydride
Anhydrous
Aniline
|
Anion
Anion-cation
interaction
Anomer
Anomeric
carbon
Anomeric
effect
Antagonist
Anti
Anti
addition
Anti-Markovnikov
addition
Anti-periplanar
Antiaromaticity
Antibiotic
Antibonding
molecular orbital
Antimetabolite
Antioxidant
Aprotic
solvent
Aqueous
Ar
Arabinose
Arene
Arenium
ion
Arginine
Aromatic
stacking
Aromaticity
Arrhenius
equation
Arrows
Aryl
Ascorbate
Ascorbic
acid
Asparagine
Aspartic
acid
Aspirin
Asymmetric
stretching
Atomic
orbital
Autoionization
Autoxidation
Axatorial
Axial
Azo
compound
Azo
coupling
|
B
|
β-Carbon
β-Elimination
β-Hydrogen
β-Hydroxy
aldehyde
β-Hydroxy
ester
β-Hydroxy
ketone
β-Lactam
β-Pleated
sheet
β-Sheet
1,3-Butadiene
Backside
attack
Baeyer-Villiger
oxidation
Barrier
to rotation
Base
peak
BDE
Bending
mode
Benzene
Benzene
ring
Benzyl
group
|
Benzylic
position
Benzoic
acid
Benzoyl
group
Beta
Beta-carbon
Beta-elimination
Beta-hydrogen
Beta-hydroxy
aldehyde
Beta-hydroxy
ester
Beta-hydroxy
ketone
Betaine
Beta-sheet
Beta-lactam
Bicyclic
Biodiesel
Biopolymer
B0
Boat
conformation
Boiling
point
|
Bond
angle
Bond
dipole
Bond
dissociation energy
Bond
rotation
Bond
stretch
Bond-line
structure
Bonding
molecular orbital
Borane
Bp
or BP
Branched
Bridged
Broadband
decoupling
Bromination
Brønsted
acid
Brønsted
base
Brønsted-Lowry
acid
Brønsted-Lowry
base
Butadiene
Butane
|
C
|
1,3-Cyclobutadiene
1,3,5,7-Cyclooctatetraene
13C-NMR
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog
rules
Calicheamicin
γ1I
Carbanion
Carbocation
Carbocation
fates
Carbohydrate
Carbon
NMR
Carbonyl
Carbonyl
fates
Carbonyl
group
Carboxyl
group
Carboxylate
Carboxylic
acid
Carcinogen
Canonical
form
Canonical
structure
Catalyst
Cat.
Catalytic
Catalytic
hydrogenation
Cation
Cation-anion
interaction
Cation-pi
interaction
Cefaclor
|
Cellulose
Cephalosporin
CFC
Chain
reaction
Chair
conformation
Chair
flip
ChemDraw
Chemical
shift
Chichibabin
reaction
Chiral
Chiral
center
Chlorination
Chlorofluorocarbon
Chloroform
Chymotrypsin
Cis
Claisen
condensation
Claisen
reaction
Clemmensen
reduction
Coenzyme
Coil
Combinatorial
synthesis
Competitive
inhibitor
Concerted
reaction
Configuration
Configurational
isomer
Conformation
Conformational
isomer
|
Conformer
Conjugate
acid
Conjugate
base
Conjugation
Constitutional
isomer
COSY
COT
Coupling
Coupling
constant
Covalent
bond
Creatine
Crystal
Curved
arrow
Cyclic
Cycloaddition
reaction
Cycloalkane
Cyclobutadiene
Cyclobutane
Cyclooctatetraene
Cyclopentadiene
Cyclopentadienyl
anion
Cyclopentadienyl
cation
Cyclopropane
Cyclopropenyl
cation
Cyclohexane
Cyclopentane
Cysteine
Cytosine
|
D
|
δ
δ-
δ+
ΔΕΝ
ΔHf
d
D
DBE
DCM
Deactivating
group
Deactivator
Decane
Decouple
Degenerate
Delocalization
Deoxyribonucleic
acid
Deoxyribose
Deprotection
Deprotonate
Deprotonization
DEPT
Deshielded
Desolvation
|
Detergent
Dextrorotatory
Diastereomer
Diazo
compound
Diazo
coupling
Diazonium
cation
Diazotization
Dichloromethane
Dieckmann
condensation
Dielectric
constant
Diels-Alder
reaction
Diene
Dienophile
Diethyl
ether
Dihedral
angle
Dimethylformamide
Dimethylsulfoxide
Diol
Dipeptide
Diphosphate
Dipole
Dipole
moment
Dipole-dipole
interaction
|
Directing
group
Director
Disaccharide
Dispersion
force
Disubstituted
Disulfide
Disulfide
bridge
Divalent
Diversity
oriented synthesis
DMF
DMSO
DNA
DNA
alkylator
DNA
cutter
Dodecane
Double
blind trial
Double
bond
Double
bond equivalent
Doublet
Doublet
of doublets
Doublet
of triplets
Downfield
Drug |
E
|
ε
E
E1
mechanism
E1cb
mechanism
E2
mechanism
Ea
Eact
Early
transition state
EAS
Eclipsed
EDG
ee
Elec
Electron
delocalization
Electron
density
Electron
donating group
Electron
group
Electron
withdrawing group
Electronegativity
Electrophile
Electrophilic
aromatic substitution
|
Electrophilic
addition reaction
Electrostatic
potential map
Elimination
reaction
Empirical
EN
Enamine
Enantiomeric
excess
Enantiomer
Endergonic
Endothermic
Energy
of activation
Energy
profile
Enol
Enol
form
Enolate
Enolization
Enone
Enthalpy
of formation
Enzyme
Epibatidine
Epoxide
Equatorial
|
Equial
Equilibrium
constant
Equivalent
Erythrose
Ester
Et
Ethane
Ethanol
Ethene
Ether
Ethoxide
ion
Ethyl
acetate
Ethyl
alcohol
Ethyl
ether
Ethyl
group
Ethylene
Ethyne
EtOH
EWG
Exergonic
Exothermic |
F
|
Fatty
acid
FDA
Fingerprint
region
Finkelstein
reaction
First
order coupling
First
order splitting
Fischer
esterification
|
Fischer
projection
Folic
acid
Formal
charge
Fragmentation
Free
radical
Freon
Friedel-Crafts
acylation
|
Friedel-Crafts
alkylation
Fructose
Functional
group
Furan
Furanose
Fused |
G
|
Galactose
Gauche
Geminal
Geometric
isomer
Glucopyranose
Glucose
Glutamic
acid
|
Glutamine
Glyceraldehyde
Glycerin
Glycerol
Glycine
Glycolysis
Glycoside
|
Grain
alcohol
Grignard
reaction
Grignard
reagent
Group
Guanine
Gulose
|
H
|
[1,3-H]
shift
1,3
hydrogen
shift
1H-NMR
hν
H-bond
H-NMR
H+
("H+")
Haloalkane
Hammond
Postulate
Hard
Hard
water
Haworth
projection
Heat
of formation
Hemiacetal
Hemiketal
Heptane
HETCOR
Heteroarene
Heteroaromatic
|
Heteroaryl
Heteroatom
Heterocycle
Heterolytic
cleavage
Hexane
Hexose
Highest
Occupied Molecular Orbital
Histidine
HMQC
HOAc
Hofmann
degradation
Hofmann
elimination
HOMO
HOMO-LUMO
gap
Homolog
Homolytic
cleavage
Hooke's
Law
Hückel’s
Rule
|
Hybrid
orbital
Hydride
Hydrocarbon
Hydrochloric
acid
Hydrogen
bond
Hydrogen
bond acceptor
Hydrogen
bond donor
Hydrogen
chloride
Hydrogen
rule
Hydrolysis
Hydronium
ion
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Hydrophobic
effect
Hydroxide
ion
Hydroxyl
group
Hydroxyl
radical
Hyperconjugation |
I
|
I
Idose
Imidazole
Imine
In
silico
In vitro
In vivo
INADEQUATE
Incipient
carbocation
IND
Indole
Inductive
effect
Infrared
spectroscopy
Infrared
spectrum
Inhibitor
Initiation
|
Integral
Integration
Intercalation
Intercalator
Intermediate
Intermolecular
Internal
alkene
Internal
alkyne
Intramolecular
Inversion
of configuration
Iodoform
reaction
Ion
channel
Ion
pair mechanism
Ion-dipole
interaction
Ionic
bond
Ionic
substitution reaction
|
Ionization
Ionophore
iPr
IR
spectroscopy
IR
spectrum
Iso
Isoleucine
Isomer
Isobutyl
group
Isoelectronic
Isopropanol
Isopropyl
alcohol
Isopropyl
group
Isotope
IUPAC |
J
|
J
|
|
|
K
|
Ka
kcal
kJ
Kekulé
structure
|
Keq
Ketal
Keto
form
Ketone
|
Ketohexose
Ketopentose
Ketose
Kinetic
control
|
L
|
l
L
Lactam
Lactone
Lactose
Late
transition state
LDA
Le
Chatelier's Principle
Lead
compound
Leaving
group
|
Leucine
Levorotatory
Lewis
acid
Lewis
base
Lewis
dot structure
Lewis
structure
LG
Library
Linear
Lipid
|
Lipophilic
Lipophobic
Lithium
diisopropylamide
London
dispersion force
London
force
Lone
pair
Long
range coupling
Lowest
Unoccupied Molecular Orbital
LUMO
Lysine
|
M
|
μ
M
M+1
M+2
m/z
Magnetic
anisotropy
Magnetic
induction
Magnetic
resonance imaging
Maltose
Major
product
Mannose
Markovnikov
addition
Markovnikov's
Rule
Mass-to-charge
ratio
Me
Mechanism
Mechlorethanamine
MeOH
Mercaptan
Meso
|
Meso
compound
Mesylate
Meta
Meta
director
Metabolism
Methane
Methanesulfonate
Methanol
Methine
group
Methionine
Methoxide
Methoxy
group
Methyl
Methyl
alcohol
Methyl
carbocation
Methyl
carbon
Methyl
group
Methyl
hydrogen
Methylene
chloride
|
Methylene
group
Micelle
Mineral
acid
Minor
product
Molecular
ion
Molecular
model kit
Molozonide
Molecular
orbital
Monoatomic
Monosaccharide
Monosubstituted
Monounsaturated
Monovalent
Montreal
Protocol
Motif
MRI
Multiplet
Mutagen
Mutarotation
|
N
|
N
n
n+1
Rule
4n+2
Rule
N,N-dimethylformamide
NAS
Naked
proton
Name
reaction
Naphthalene
Natural
abundance
Natural
product
NDA
Neighbor
Neo
Nepetalactone
Newman
projection
Nitranion
|
Nitration
Nitrile
Nitro
Nitrogen
inversion
Nitrogen
rule
Nitronium
cation
Nitrosonium
cation
NMR
NMR
spectrometer
No
reaction
Nomenclature
Non-first
order coupling
Non-first
order splitting
Nonane
Nonbonded
electron pair
Nonbonded
pair
|
Noncovalent
molecular force
Nondecoupled
Nonequivalent
Nonpolar
Nonpolar
solvent
Nonsuperimposable
Nonsuperposable
NR
Nuc
Nucleophile
Nucleoside
Nucleotide
Nuclear
magnetic resonance
Nucleophilic
acyl substitution
Nucleophilic
aromatic substitution
Nucleophilic
carbonyl substitution
|
O
|
1-Octanol
OCATSA
Octane
Octane
rating
Octet
rule
Oil
One
equivalent
One
molecule rule
Open
octet
Optical
activity
Optically
active
Optically
inactive
|
Orbital
Orbital
electronegativity
Organic
synthesis
Organoborane
Organometallic
Ortho
Ortho/papa
director
Orthoester
OTf
OTs
Oxaphosphetaine
Oxazole
|
Oxidation
Oxidation
reaction
Oxidizing
agent
Oxonium
ion
Oxonium
ion fates
Oxyanion
Ozone
Ozone
depletion
Ozone
hole
Ozonide
Ozonolysis
|
P
|
π bond
π
orbital
π*
orbital
p orbital
PABA
Para
Partial
pi bond
Penicillin
Pentane
Pentapeptide
Pentavalent
carbon
Pentet
Pentose
Peptide
bond
Peptidoglycan
Periplanar
Peroxide
Peroxide
effect
Ph
Pharmacology
Phase
I trial
Phase
II trial
Phase
III trial
Phase
IV trial
Phenol
Phenyl
(phenyl group)
Phenylalanine
Phospholipid
Phospholipid
bilayer
Phosphate
Phosphodiester
Phosphoric
acid
Photochemistry
Photolysis
|
Pi
bond
Pi
electron
Pi
stacking
Piperidine
pKa
pKa1
pKa2
pKa3
Placebo
Planar
Plane
polarized light
Polar
Polar
bear joke
Polar
covalent bond
Polar
solvent
Polarimeter
Polarimetry
Polarizability
Polymer
Polysaccharide
Polyunsaturated
ppm
Pr
Primary
Primary
alcohol
Primary
alkyl halide
Primary
amide
Primary
amine
Primary
carbocation
Primary
carbon
Primary
hydrogen
Primary
structure
Prodrug
|
Product
Proline
Propagation
Propane
Propargyl
group
Propargylic
position
Propene
Propyl
group
Propylene
Propyne
Prostaglandin
Protease
Protection
Protecting
group
Protein
Protic
Protic
solvent
Proticity
Proton
bus
Proton
NMR
Proton
shuttle
Protonate
p-Toluenesulfonate
p-Toluenesulfonic
acid
pTsOH
Pulmonary
surfactant
Purine
Pyran
Pyranose
Pyridine
Pyrimidine
Pyrophosphate
Pyrrole
Pyrrolidine
|
Q
|
QSAR
Quartet
|
Quaternary
ammonium salt
Quaternary
(4o)
carbon |
Quaternary
structure
|
R
|
R
R group
Racemate
Racemic
Racemic
mixture
Radical
Radical
chain
Radical
fates
Random
coil
Random
screening
Rate-determining
step
Rate-limiting
step
RCOOH
RCOOR
rds
Reactant
|
Reaction
coordinate
Reaction
mechanism
Reaction
rate
Reactive
intermediate
Reactivity-selectivity
principle
Receptor
Reducing
agent
Reduction
Reduction
reaction
Regiochemistry
Regioselective
Regiospecific
Relaxation
Residue
Resolution
Resonance
|
Resonance
contributor
Resonance
energy
Resonance
hybrid
Resonance
structure
Retention
of configuration
Retroaldol
reaction
Retrosynthesis
Ribofuranose
Ribonucleic
acid
Ribose
Ring
flip
Ring
strain
RNA
RO-
ROH
Rubbing
alcohol
|
S
|
σ
bond
σ
orbital
σ*
bond
σ*
orbital
S
s orbital
S-adenosylmethionine
s-cis
s-trans
Saccharide
Salicyclic
acid
SAM
SAR
Saturated
Schiff
base
Sec
Sec-butyl
group
Secondary
Secondary
alcohol
Secondary
alkyl halide
Secondary
amide
Secondary
amine
Secondary
carbocation
Secondary
carbon
Secondary
hydrogen
Secondary
structure
Selenocysteine
Serine
Serine
protease
Sextet
Shielded
Sigma
bond
Signal
Single
bond
Singlet
|
Skeletal
formula
Skeletal
isomer
Skeletal
structure
SN1
mechanism
SN2
mechanism
Soap
Soft
Solvation
Solvent
Solvent
shell
Solvolysis
sp orbital
sp2 orbital
sp3 orbital
Space
filling model
Specific
rotation
Spectrometry
Spectroscopy
Spin-spin
coupling
Spiro
Splitting
Spontaneous
resolution
Staggered
Standard
amino acid
Starch
Starting
material
Stereocenter
Stereochemistry
Stereoisomer
Stereoselective
Stereospecific
Steric
effect
Steric
hindrance
|
Steric
number
Steric
strain
Steroid
Strain
Stretching
frequency
Structure-activity
relationship
Structural
isomer
Substituent
Substituted
Substitution
reaction
Substrate
Substrate
mimic
Sucrose
Suicide
inhibitor
Sulfa
drug
Sulfanilide
Sulfhydryl
group
Sulfide
Sulfonamide
Sulfonate
Sulfonation
Sulfone
Sulfonic
acid
Sulfonyl
chloride
Sulfoxide
Sulfuric
acid
Supercoiling
Superimposable
Superoxide
Superposable
Symmetric
stretching
Syn
Syn
addition
Syn-periplanar
|
T
|
[TS]‡
Talose
Tautomerization
Tautomer
tBu
tBuOH
Teratogen
Terminal
alkene
Terminal
alkyne
Termination
Tert
Tert-butanol
Tert-butoxide
Tert-butyl group
Tertiary
Tertiary
alcohol
Tertiary
alkyl halide
Tertiary
amide
Tertiary
amine
Tertiary
carbocation
Tertiary
carbon
Tertiary
hydrogen
Tertiary
structure
Tetrahedral
adduct
Tetrahedral
intermediate
Tetrahydrofuran
|
Tetramethylsilane
Tetrapeptide
Tetrasubstituted
Tetrose
Tetravalent
TfO
Thalidomide
Thermodynamic
control
THF
Thiazole
Thioester
Thioether
Thiol
Thiolate
Thiolester
Thiophene
Threonine
Threose
Thymine
TMS
Toluene
Toluenesulfonate
Toluenesulfonic
acid
Torsional
strain
Tosylate
Trans
|
Transamidation
Transamination
Transesterification
Transition
state
Transition
state analog
Transmute
Triacylglyceride
Tricyclic
Triflate
Trifluoromethanesulfonate
Triglyceride
Triose
Tripeptide
Triphosphate
Triple
bond
Triplet
Triplet
of doublets
Trisubstituted
Trivalent
Tryptophan
TS
TsO
TsOH
Two-dimensional
NMR
Tyrosine
|
U
|
Unbranched
Undecane
|
Unsaturated
UN
|
Upfield
Uracil
|
V
|
Valence
Valine
Van
der Waals force
Van
der Waals
repulsion
|
Vicinal
Vinyl
group
Vinylic
Vitalism
|
Vitamin
Vitamin
C
Vitamin
E
VSEPR
|
W
|
Walden
inversion
Water
Wavenumber
Wavy
line
|
Wax
Wedge
Williamson
ether synthesis
|
Wittig
reaction
Wolff-Kischner
reduction
Wood
alcohol
|
X
|
X-ray
crystallography
|
X-ray
diffraction
|
|
Y
|
Ylide
|
|
|
Z
|
Z
|
Zaistev's
Rule |
Zwitterion
|