Illustrated Glossary of Organic Chemistry
Monosaccharide (simple sugar; simple carbohydrate):
A
carbohydrate
that cannot be
hydrolyzed
into two or more simpler
carbohydrates
.
D
-
Glucopyranose
is not broken down into two or more
carbohydrates
upon
hydrolysis
, so
D
-
glucopyranose
is a monosaccharide.
Lactose
hydrolysis
yields one molecule each of
D
-
galactopyranose
and
D
-
glucopyranose
, so
lactose
is a
disaccharide
.
Amylose
hydrolysis
yields many molecules of
D
-
glucopyranose
, so
amylose
is a
polysaccharide
.
Related terms:
Glyceraldehyde
,
erythrose
,
threose
,
ribose
,
xylose
,
arabinose
,
lyxose
,
allose
,
altrose
,
glucose
,
mannose
,
gulose
,
idose
,
galactose
,
talose
, fructose,
oligosaccharide
,
aldose
,
ketose
,
wavy line
,
complex sugar
,
complex carbohydrate
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